NextBSD — nextbsd-freebsd-compat 3-way audit

Every component the FreeBSD-compat closure installs into the NextBSD base (99 srclist.txt entries), cross-referenced against (1) what NextBSD overwrites with Apple-sourced code, and (2) what could be ported from Apple open source instead — each with a port-difficulty rating.

Summary

0 of 99 are currently overwritten by Apple code. NextBSD's Apple userland (libsystem_kernel, libdispatch, libxpc, configd, the *_cmds tools) installs into a parallel /usr/lib/system/ namespace or is vendored-but-deferred; the FreeBSD-compat set is the live base.

Three buckets emerge:

Difficulty: Trivial Easy Moderate Hard Impractical

Overwritten: No No — Apple port vendored, deferred

1. Core runtime libraries (15 — the ELF/libc ABI)

ItemInstalled asPurposeOverwritten?Apple port sourceDifficultyNotes
lib/csucrt1.o, Scrt1.o, crti/crtn.oC startup glue (_start__libc_start1)NoInside Apple Libc (Mach-O crt1.o)ImpracticalELF crt vs Apple's Mach-O LC_MAIN/dyld model; no _start equivalent.
lib/libc/lib/libc.so.7C standard library + FreeBSD syscall stubsNoLibcImpracticalApple Libc is split over Mach-O/XNU syscalls; replacing it = replacing the kernel ABI. The whole NextBSD premise is FreeBSD libc + Apple on top.
lib/libsys/lib/libsys.so.7Split-out raw FreeBSD syscall wrappersNo~ libsystem_kernelImpracticalNextBSD's libmach→libsystem_kernel provides Mach-trap stubs only, parallel namespace; not FreeBSD ELF syscalls.
libexec/rtld-elf/libexec/ld-elf.so.1ELF dynamic loaderNodyldImpracticaldyld loads Mach-O via the shared cache + code-signing, XNU-coupled. Cannot load FreeBSD ELF.
lib/libthr/lib/libthr.so.3POSIX 1:1 threadsNolibpthread + libplatformImpracticalApple libpthread uses XNU thread/workqueue traps + Mach thread ports; libc-interposed on the FreeBSD side.
lib/libgcc_s/lib/libgcc_s.so.1Unwinder + compiler builtins shimNoLLVM libunwind (Apple has no libgcc_s)Hardlibunwind is portable but the libgcc_s soname is a FreeBSD artifact; no upside.
lib/libssp_nonshared/usr/lib/libssp_nonshared.a__stack_chk_fail_local shimNoFolded into Apple LibcTrivialA few lines of C; no discrete Apple analog. Pointless to source from Apple.
lib/libssp/usr/lib/libssp.so.0_FORTIFY_SOURCE helpersNoFolded into Apple LibcEasySmall; FreeBSD's is fine, no standalone Apple libssp.
lib/msun/lib/libm.so.5IEEE math libraryNoApple LibmModerateApple Libm is portable-ish but arch-tuned for Apple ABI/long-double; FreeBSD msun is the proven fit.
lib/librt/usr/lib/librt.so.1POSIX realtime (mqueue, clock_*, aio)NoNone standalone (in Apple libsystem)HardApple folds RT into libsystem with XNU semantics; FreeBSD-syscall bound.
lib/libdl/usr/lib/libdl.so.1dlopen/dlsym shim to rtldNoIn Apple dyld/libdyldImpracticalCoupled to the loader; same Mach-O blocker as rtld-elf.
lib/libcompiler_rt/usr/lib/libcompiler_rt.a (+libgcc.a)LLVM compiler builtinsNollvm-project/compiler-rt (same upstream)EasyIdentical LLVM upstream; FreeBSD already builds from llvm19. Redundant to port.
lib/libc_nonshared/usr/lib/libc_nonshared.aclang link-spec companion archiveNoFolded into Apple LibcTrivialFreeBSD link-spec artifact; no Apple equivalent.
lib/libcxxrt/usr/lib/libcxxrt.so.1C++ ABI runtime (exceptions/RTTI)NoApple uses libc++abi (different project)ModerateFreeBSD uses libcxxrt; swapping to libc++abi is a FreeBSD-base decision, not an Apple win.
lib/libc++/usr/lib/libc++.so.1LLVM C++ standard libraryNollvm-project/libcxx (same upstream)EasySame LLVM upstream Apple uses; FreeBSD builds the matching v19. No value.

2. Support / data libraries (36)

ItemInstalled asPurposeOverwritten?Apple port sourceDifficultyNotes
lib/libxolibxo.so.0Structured (JSON/XML/HTML) CLI outputNoSame upstream (Juniper); not in stock macOSEasyPortable leaf lib. Missing it left / read-only (the libxo symptom).
lib/libmdlibmd.so.6Message digests (MD5/SHA/RIPEMD)NoSame upstream (BSD libmd)TrivialmacOS uses CommonCrypto, but BSD libmd builds cleanly.
lib/libnvlibnv.so.0nvlist name/value marshallingNoNone — FreeBSD nvlist ABIEasyFreeBSD invention; portable C but no Apple analog.
lib/libelflibelf.so.2Arch-independent ELF read/writeNoSame upstream (ELF Tool Chain)EasymacOS is Mach-O so ships no libelf; the BSD lib is portable.
lib/libkvmlibkvm.so.7Kernel memory / proc-table accessNoNone — reads FreeBSD kernel VMImpracticalBound to FreeBSD kernel proc/VM internals.
lib/libexpatlibbsdxmlXML parserNoSame upstream (Expat); Apple ships itTrivialIdentical upstream.
lib/liblzmaliblzma.so.5XZ/LZMA compressionNoSame upstream (xz); Apple ships itTrivialSame upstream.
lib/libzstdlibprivatezstd.so.5Zstandard compressionNoSame upstream (zstd)TrivialBuilt private; libarchive links it.
lib/libzlibz.so.6DEFLATE/zlibNoSame upstream; apple-oss/zlib is cosmeticTrivialNo Apple port needed.
lib/libbz2libbz2.so.4bzip2 compressionNoSame upstream (bzip2)TrivialSame upstream.
lib/libsbuflibsbuf.so.6Safe auto-growing string buffersNoNone — FreeBSD sbuf APITrivialPortable C, FreeBSD-only API.
lib/libcryptlibcrypt.so.5crypt(3) password hashingNoNone (macOS = Open Directory/CommonCrypto)EasyNo Apple drop-in; keep FreeBSD's.
lib/libutillibutil.so.10login/pty/pidfile/property utilsNoNone — FreeBSD util grab-bagModerateTouches kld/login_cap; no clean Apple port.
lib/libbsmlibbsm.so.3BSM audit-record APINoOpenBSM — Apple-commissioned; Apple ships it tooTrivialFreeBSD copy already is the Apple lineage (VENDORED.md: "identical"). No work.
lib/libexecinfolibexecinfo.so.1backtrace()NomacOS has backtrace in libSystemTrivialStandalone BSD lib builds trivially.
lib/libufslibufs.so.7UFS/FFS filesystem manipulationNoNone — FreeBSD UFS on-disk formatImpracticalApple (HFS+/APFS) has no analog.
lib/libnetbsdlibnetbsd.soNetBSD-compat build shimsNoNone — build glueTrivialNo Apple relevance.
lib/libdevctllibdevctl.so.0devctl(8) device-control wrappersNoNone — FreeBSD newbusImpracticalApple IOKit is entirely different.
lib/libjaillibjail.so.1jail(2) managementNoNone — FreeBSD jailsImpracticalmacOS sandboxing is unrelated.
lib/lib80211lib80211.so.1net80211 wireless ioctlsNoNone — FreeBSD net80211ImpracticalApple's 80211 stack is private/different.
lib/libipseclibipsec.so.4PF_KEY/IPsec policyNoNone — KAME PF_KEY ABIImpracticalNo Apple OSS port.
lib/ncurseslibncursesw.soTerminal UI libraryNoSame upstream; apple-oss/ncursesTrivialApple fork is minor; no port needed.
lib/libeditlibedit.so.8readline-style line editingNoSame upstream; apple-oss/libeditTrivialSame NetBSD-origin libedit.
lib/libcasperlibcasper.so.1Capsicum privilege-separation helperNoNone — needs CapsicumImpracticalDepends on the Capsicum kernel framework.
lib/libgeomlibgeom.so.5GEOM storage introspectionNoNone — FreeBSD GEOMImpracticalApple IOStorage is different.
lib/libefivarlibefivar.so.1EFI variable accessNoNone on macOS (no libefivar.so.1)EasyTalks to efirt via FreeBSD; portable concept, no Apple port.
lib/libarchivelibarchive.so.7Multi-format archive read/writeNoSame upstream; apple-oss/libarchiveEasyApple fork adds Mach-O/codesign quirks not needed here.
lib/libsqlite3libsqlite3.so.0Embedded SQL DB (pkg needs it)NoSame upstream (SQLite)TrivialNo Apple port needed.
lib/libucllibucl.so.1UCL config parser (pkg needs it)NoSame upstream (vstakhov/libucl)TrivialNo Apple relevance.
lib/libfetchlibfetch.so.6HTTP/HTTPS/FTP retrieval (pkg, fetch)NoNone (macOS = CFNetwork/curl)EasyFreeBSD-only API; portable C over OpenSSL.
lib/libdevinfolibdevinfo.so.7Device-tree introspectionNoNone — FreeBSD newbusImpracticalApple IORegistry is different.
lib/libprocstatlibprocstat.so.1Per-process file/socket/vm infoNoNone — reads FreeBSD kernel stateImpracticalBound to FreeBSD kernel struct layout.
lib/libuloglibulog.so.0utmpx login-record helperNoNone — FreeBSD utmpxEasymacOS deprecated utmpx; FreeBSD's is the needed one.
lib/librpcsvclibrpcsvc.so.5Sun ONC RPC service stubsNoSame upstream; macOS ships rpcsvcTrivialStandard ONC RPC lineage.
lib/libmagiclibmagic.so.4file(1) type detectionNoSame upstream (Ian Darwin's file)TrivialSame upstream.

3. System / filesystem / base tools (37)

ItemInstalled asPurposeOverwritten?Apple port sourceDifficultyNotes
share/zoneinfo/usr/share/zoneinfoIANA tz database (+zic)Nosystem_cmds (zic); data = upstream IANATrivialData identical either way; keep in-tree zic build-tool.
share/vt/usr/share/vtvt(4) console fonts/keymapsNoNone — FreeBSD newconsImpracticalNo Apple console equivalent.
share/mk/usr/share/mkBSD make ruleset (sys.mk, bsd.*.mk)NoApple bsdmake .mk (incompatible)HardTightly coupled to FreeBSD bmake + src.opts.mk; Apple's NetBSD-make set differs.
usr.bin/bmake/usr/bin/makeThe make(1) binaryNoApple bsdmake (NetBSD make)HardNot API-compatible with FreeBSD's share/mk; must stay paired.
stand/boot/loader*, gptboot, boot1.efiEFI/i386 boot blocks + Lua loaderNoNone (Apple boot.efi/iBoot load XNU, closed)ImpracticalLoads the FreeBSD kernel.
share/keys/usr/share/keys/pkg/…pkg(8) signing fingerprintsNoNone (FreeBSD pkg-specific)ImpracticalBound to FreeBSD pkg.
usr.sbin/pkg/usr/sbin/pkgpkg(8) bootstrapperNoNone (Apple uses installer/.pkg)ImpracticalNextBSD relies on FreeBSD pkg.
bin/sh/bin/shPOSIX shell (FreeBSD ash)Noshell_cmds (sh) — vendored, never installs /bin/shModeratemacOS /bin/sh is this same BSD ash. Swap possible, low value.
bin/kenv/bin/kenvkernel-environment accessNoNone — FreeBSD kenv(2)ImpracticalXNU has no kenv(2).
sbin/devfs/sbin/devfsdevfs ruleset managementNoNone — FreeBSD devfsImpracticalmacOS devfs has no ruleset CLI.
sbin/fsck/sbin/fsckGeneric fsck front-endNodiskdev_cmds (dispatches HFS/APFS)HardApple's fsck only knows HFS/APFS backends; still needs UFS fsck_ffs under it.
sbin/fsck_ffs/sbin/fsck_ffsUFS/FFS checkerNoNone — Apple has no UFS codeImpracticaldiskdev_cmds ships fsck_hfs/apfs only; "porting Apple's" = a different filesystem.
sbin/ldconfig/sbin/ldconfigBuild rtld hintsNoNone (macOS = dyld shared cache)ImpracticalNo ldconfig/hints model on macOS.
sbin/mount/sbin/mountMount front-endNoApple mount targets XNU VFSHardFreeBSD nmount(2) ABI; not drop-in.
sbin/newfs/sbin/newfsCreate a UFS/FFS filesystemNoNone — Apple has newfs_hfs/apfs, not UFSImpracticalThe "hard to port" case: there is no Apple UFS code; a port would create a different FS. Stays FreeBSD permanently.
sbin/tunefs/sbin/tunefsTune UFS/FFS parametersNoNone — UFS-specificImpracticalUFS superblock tuning; no Apple equivalent.
sbin/umount/sbin/umountUnmount filesystemsNoApple unmount(2) differsHardCounterpart to mount; same ABI mismatch.
sbin/reboot/sbin/reboot (+halt)reboot(2) resetNo — deferredsystem_cmds (reboot) — needs IOPMLib shimModerateApple reboot vendored but deferred on PowerManagement IOPMLib.
sbin/shutdown/sbin/shutdownOrderly shutdown schedulerNo — deferredsystem_cmds (shutdown) — IOPMLibModerateVendored, deferred; FreeBSD's is live (setuid restored, 2dc7f7a).
sbin/geom/sbin/geomGEOM framework controlNoNone — FreeBSD GEOMImpracticalXNU has no GEOM.
usr.bin/ldd/usr/bin/lddList dynamic deps (via rtld)NoNone (macOS = otool -L)HardDrives FreeBSD rtld LD_TRACE.
usr.bin/su/usr/bin/su (setuid)Substitute user identityNo — deferredshell_cmds (su) — needs BSM stubModerateVendored, deferred; FreeBSD's setuid su is live (PAM via pam.d/su).
usr.bin/login/usr/bin/login (setuid)Authenticate + start sessionNo — deferredsystem_cmds (login) — login.c PAM drift + BSMModerateApple login.c diverged; deferred. FreeBSD's is load-bearing for getty.
usr.bin/fetch/usr/bin/fetchHTTP/FTP file download (over libfetch)NoNone (macOS uses curl)EasyPortable C over libfetch; no Apple "fetch" tool. Keep.
usr.bin/xz/usr/bin/xzXZ/LZMA (de)compressionNoSame upstream (tukaani xz)EasyNo Apple-specific fork.
usr.sbin/crashinfo/usr/sbin/crashinfoSummarize kernel crash dumpsNoNone (macOS = spindump)ImpracticalParses FreeBSD vmcore/kgdb.
usr.sbin/certctl/usr/sbin/certctlBuild hashed CA trust storeNoNone (macOS = Keychain/Security)EasyPairs with secure/caroot; no certctl analog on macOS.
usr.sbin/devctl/usr/sbin/devctlDevice control (attach/detach)NoNone — FreeBSD newbusImpracticalXNU uses IOKit.
usr.sbin/diskinfo/usr/sbin/diskinfoDisk geometry/speed (GEOM)NoNone (macOS = diskutil/IOKit)ImpracticalFreeBSD DIOCG ioctls.
usr.sbin/fstyp/usr/sbin/fstypDetect filesystem typeNoNone (Apple uses different probing)HardRecognizes FreeBSD-relevant fs set.
usr.sbin/gstat/usr/sbin/gstatGEOM I/O statisticsNoNone (macOS = iostat/fs_usage)ImpracticalXNU has no GEOM.
usr.sbin/kldxref/usr/sbin/kldxrefBuild linker.hints for kldNoNone (macOS = kextcache)ImpracticalNextBSD loads ELF kexts via OSKext, but module metadata is FreeBSD kld.
usr.sbin/nologin/usr/sbin/nologinRefuse-login shell stubNo — deferredsystem_cmds (vendored, not installed)TrivialTiny POSIX program; trivial future swap.
usr.sbin/nmtree/usr/sbin/nmtree (mtree)Verify/create filesystem specNo — deferredfile_cmds (mtree) — needs libacl/xattr shimsModerateApple mtree deferred; FreeBSD's NetBSD-derived nmtree is live.
usr.sbin/pciconf/usr/sbin/pciconfPCI enumeration/configNoNone (macOS = IOKit)ImpracticalFreeBSD pci(4) ioctls.
usr.sbin/pw/usr/sbin/pwUnified user/group managementNoNone — macOS uses dscl/Open DirectoryImpracticalNo single Apple user/group CLI; NextBSD uses flat-file master.passwd, so pw fits.
libexec/save-entropy/usr/libexec/save-entropyPersist entropy across bootNoNone (macOS = kernel/SecureBoot)EasyShell script; could become a launchd job later.

4. Crypto / TLS / Kerberos (12)

ItemInstalled asPurposeOverwritten?Apple port sourceDifficultyNotes
secure/lib/libcrypto/usr/lib/libcrypto.so.*OpenSSL crypto primitivesNoNone practical (Apple = closed corecrypto)Impracticalcorecrypto can't be redistributed; Apple's old OpenSSL fork is EOL. Keep FreeBSD OpenSSL.
secure/lib/libssl/usr/lib/libssl.so.*OpenSSL TLS layerNoNone (Apple = Secure Transport/Network.framework)ImpracticalNot an libssl.so drop-in; ports expect the ABI.
secure/usr.bin/openssl/usr/bin/opensslopenssl(1) CLINoNone (Apple ships same deprecated fork)ImpracticalTracks the libcrypto/libssl decision.
secure/caroot/etc/ssl/cert.pem, /usr/share/certs/Trusted CA root bundleNoapple-oss/security_certificates (open root store)EasyThe one genuinely feasible Apple swap — but data only; consumers need the PEM/CApath form FreeBSD's certctl produces. (SecTrust mechanism is closed/Moderate.)
krb5/util/supportlibkrb5supportMIT krb5 portability runtimeNoApple = Heimdal (different impl/ABI)HardThis tree is MIT krb5 1.22.1 (FreeBSD 15.0 default), not Heimdal — Apple's Heimdal isn't a drop-in.
krb5/util/etlibcom_errerror-table (com_err) infraNoHeimdal com_err (ABI-incompatible)HardMIT-vs-Heimdal mismatch.
krb5/util/compile_etcompile_et (build tool)Compile .et tablesNoHeimdal ships its ownHardBuild-time only; flavor-locked to MIT.
krb5/util/profilelibprofilekrb5.conf parserNoHeimdal uses a different config libHardMIT-specific.
krb5/include/usr/include krb5 headersBuild-time krb5 APINoApple/Heimdal headers differHardcurl/git compiled against the MIT API.
krb5/lib/cryptolibk5cryptoMIT krb5 crypto backendNoHeimdal hcrypto is separateHardTied to MIT libkrb5.
krb5/lib/krb5libkrb5.so.122Core MIT Kerberos 5 client libNoHeimdal libkrb5 (different SONAME/ABI)HardLoad-bearing: curl/git need this exact MIT SONAME; Heimdal can't supply it.
krb5/lib/gssapilibgssapi_krb5.so.122GSS-API over MIT krb5NoApple GSS.framework (closed, over Heimdal)Hardcurl links the MIT name; GSS.framework is neither that SONAME nor open.

5. What the NextBSD repo provides today (Apple-sourced)

The inverse of the tables above: the Apple userland the nextbsd repo builds + installs on top of the FreeBSD-compat base. Command-level, with real install status verified on the live box. Key caveat: many Apple commands are vendored in-tree but deferred (their Makefile doesn't install them, pending a shim) — for those, the binary you see on the box at that path is still the FreeBSD-compat tool, not Apple's.

Status: Installed built + installed from Apple source (active) Deferred vendored, not installed (FreeBSD-compat tool is live) Not built tests-only / build-tool / absent

5a. System libraries & PAM

All Apple system libraries install to the parallel /usr/lib/system/ namespace (found via baked -rpath), layering on top of FreeBSD libc — never replacing it. The lone in-place replacements are PAM and syslogd.

ArtifactInstalled asStatusPurposeReplaces / layers
libsystem_kernel (libmach)/usr/lib/system/libsystem_kernel.so.0InstalledUserland Mach trap stubs (mach_msg, port mgmt)Layers (new path)
libdispatch/usr/lib/system/libdispatch.so (+libBlocksRuntime)InstalledGCD queues/sources (swift-corelibs portable build)Layers
libxpc/usr/lib/system/libxpc.so.4InstalledXPC IPC (bootstrap_check_in/look_up)Layers
liblaunch/usr/lib/system/liblaunch.so.1Installedlaunchd client libraryLayers
libCoreFoundation/usr/lib/system/libCoreFoundation.so.6 (+libicucore)InstalledCoreFoundation (CFString/plist), pure-C buildLayers
libSystemConfiguration/usr/lib/system/libSystemConfiguration.so.1InstalledSCDynamicStore client (configd MIG)Layers
libIOKit/usr/lib/system/libIOKit.so.1InstalledIOKit userland facade (registry walk)Layers
libnotify/usr/lib/system/libnotify.so.1InstalledApple libnotify client (notify_ipc MIG)Layers
libsystem_asl/usr/lib/system/libsystem_asl.so.1InstalledApple ASL client (asl_ipc MIG)Layers
libpam (OpenPAM-35)/usr/lib/libpam.so.6InstalledPAM frameworkReplaces FreeBSD-pam in place
pam_*.so.6 (8 modules)/usr/lib/pam_{unix,deny,permit,self,rootok,uwtmp,nologin,env}.so.6InstalledOpenPAM (3) + pam_modules (5)Replaces FreeBSD-pam modules
syslogd/usr/sbin/syslogdInstalledApple syslogd (Mach-ingest)Replaces FreeBSD syslogd
notifyd/usr/sbin/notifydInstallednotify server daemonNew
aslmanager/usr/sbin/aslmanagerInstalledASL log rotatorNew
syslog(1)/usr/bin/syslogInstalledASL user CLI (post/search/control)New (no FreeBSD /usr/bin/syslog)
notifyutilNot builtnotify CLIAbsent on box

5b. Daemons & system services

9 Apple-sourced daemons run at boot (launchd-managed except sshd-mdns-register). Several control CLIs (scutil, diskutil, dns-sd, kextutil) are not yet built.

Binary / daemonInstalled asStatusLaunchDaemonPurpose / supersedes
launchd/sbin/launchdInstalled (PID 1)— (is init)Replaces init(8) + rc/rc.d; owns the bootstrap port
launchctl/bin/launchctlInstalledn/aService control; replaces service(8)
configd/usr/sbin/configdInstalled (active)com.apple.configdSCDynamicStore registry (no FreeBSD analog)
scutilNot builtn/aconfigd CLI — deferred
hostnamed/usr/sbin/hostnamedInstalled (active)com.apple.hostnamedHostname daemon; supersedes rc.conf hostname write
ipconfigd/usr/sbin/ipconfigdInstalled (active)com.apple.IPConfigurationDHCP/IP config; replaces dhclient + rc.d/netif
ipconfig/usr/sbin/ipconfigInstalledn/aApple ipconfig CLI (MIG)
diskarbitrationd/usr/sbin/diskarbitrationdInstalled (active)com.apple.DiskArbitrationDisk/volume arbitration + mount events; supersedes devd/autofs glue
diskutilNot builtn/aDA CLI — deferred
mDNSResponder/usr/sbin/mDNSResponderInstalled (active, -debug)com.apple.mDNSResponderBonjour/mDNS (new; FreeBSD base ships none)
dns-sdNot builtn/amDNS query CLI — deferred
sshd-mdns-register/usr/libexec/sshd-mdns-registerInstalled (sshd-forked)— (sshd spawns)Advertises _ssh._tcp via mDNSResponder
kextd/usr/libexec/kextdInstalled (active)com.apple.kextdKext autoload daemon (OSKext); supersedes kld boot autoload
kextload / kextunload / kextstat/usr/sbin/kext*Installedn/aReplace kldload/kldunload/kldstat
kextutil / kextcacheNot builtn/aDiagnostic/cache tools — deferred
migcom / mig/usr/libexec/migcom, /usr/bin/migInstalledn/aMIG generator (build tool and shipped)
nextbsd-version/bin/nextbsd-versionInstalledn/aOS version/identity tool
bootstrap_server/usr/sbin/bootstrap_serverInertnoneVendored validation daemon; launchd subsumes it
mach (COMPAT_MACH)in-kernelIn kerneln/aMach IPC/syscalls compiled into the kernel (#181) — no mach.ko

5c. Apple command suites (per command)

Five POSIX command suites are ported from Apple open source. The Makefile install: target is the authority for origin (live-box presence alone doesn't prove it — a deferred command's path holds the FreeBSD-compat tool).

adv_cmds — 8 installed, 6 deferred

CommandInstalled asStatusNote
tabs · tty · whois · cap_mkdb · finger · locale/usr/bin/*Installed
stty/bin/sttyInstalled
lsvfs/usr/sbin/lsvfsInstalled
ps · pkillDeferredNeeds Apple kinfo_proc shim; FreeBSD-compat live
last · acDeferredNeeds getutxent_wtmp(); FreeBSD-compat live
gencat · localedef · genwrapDeferredApple msgcat / yacc-lex machinery

shell_cmds — 39 installed, ~7 deferred

Command(s)Installed asStatusNote
true false echo sleep basename apply dirname env getopt hostname jot kill logname mktemp nice nohup printenv printf pwd realpath renice tee uname what yes chroot date hexdump od lockf script shlock stdbuf test [ whereis which xargs find who locate (+locate.* helpers)/bin/*, /usr/bin/*, /usr/sbin/chroot, /usr/libexec/locate.*Installedod→hexdump, [→test (hardlinks)
shDeferredfbsdglue owns /bin/sh for now (planned Apple swap)
suDeferredNeeds BSM-audit stub; FreeBSD-compat su live
idDeferredNeeds libopendirectory shim
killall · wDeferredNeeds KERN_PROCARGS2 (+kvm for w)
lastcommDeferredLegacy struct acct vs acctv3

system_cmds — 12 installed, ~25 deferred

Command(s)Installed asStatusNote
mkfile · vifs · vipw · accton · pwd_mkdb/usr/sbin/*Installed
sync · wait4path/bin/*Installedwait4path is Apple-specific
pagesize · newgrp · getconf/usr/bin/*Installed
passwd/usr/bin/passwd (setuid 4555)InstalledPAM; OD/NIS backends stubbed
getty/usr/libexec/gettyInstalledcom.apple.getty
reboot · shutdown · halt · dynamic_pager · nvramDeferredNeed IOPMLib / IOKit-NVRAM bridge; FreeBSD-compat live
loginDeferredVendored login.c drifted (auth_pam signature); FreeBSD-compat live
sa · dmesg · sysctl · chpass · nologinDeferredBSM / libproc / Open Directory / no-gain; FreeBSD-compat live
lsmp hostinfo vm_stat fs_usage gcore zprint latency stackshot taskpolicy (Mach/VM introspection family)Not builtNeed Mach-IPC introspection / kdebug traps absent on FreeBSD
archNot builtMach-O multi-arch, N/A on ELF

file_cmds — 18 installed, 11 deferred

Command(s)Installed asStatusNote
chflags mkdir mkfifo rmdir dd ln rm/bin/*Installed
df/bin/dfInstalled
pathchk cksum compress touch truncate shar stat du/usr/bin/*Installed
mknod/sbin/mknodInstalled
chown/usr/sbin/chownInstalled
cp · mvDeferredNeed clonefile/copyfile; FreeBSD-compat cp/mv live
ls · chmod · install · gzip · pax · mtreeDeferredNeed libacl/xattr shims; FreeBSD-compat live
ipcrm · ipcsDeferredXNU SysV-IPC struct layout; FreeBSD-compat live
xattrNot builtNeeds xattr shim; absent on box

text_cmds — 34 installed, 2 deferred

Command(s)Installed asStatusNote
cat ed red/bin/*Installedred→ed (hardlink)
head tail wc tr col colrm comm csplit cut expand fmt fold nl paste rev ul unexpand uniq lam look pr rs split vis unvis join column sed/usr/bin/*Installed
banner/usr/games/bannerInstalled
md5 (+sha1/224/256/384/512/512t256/rmd160/skein, 11 links)/sbin/md5InstalledDigest family (hardlinks)
bintrans (+base64/b64encode/b64decode/uuencode/uudecode)/usr/bin/bintransInstalledBinary-transform family
grep (+egrep/fgrep/rgrep/zgrep/zegrep/zfgrep/bz*/xz*/lz*, 16 links)/usr/bin/grepInstalledgrep family (hardlinks)
sortDeferredApple file.c uses Mach semaphores (the deliberate Mach-IPC wedge); FreeBSD-compat sort live
jqNot builtApple wrapper dir, no buildable source

NextBSD-today takeaways


Filed 2026-06-21. From a 4-agent audit of nextbsd-freebsd-compat srclist.txt (99 entries) cross-referenced against the nextbsd Apple-userland tree and apple-oss-distributions sources. "Overwritten?" reflects current state: 0/99 are replaced today; the deferred set is vendored-from-Apple but blocked on shims (IOPMLib, BSM-audit, libacl/xattr).